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welding related occupational eye injuries: a narrative analysis
by：Lxshow
2020-03-13
Abstract objective: in order to determine the activity and environment near welding-related occupational eye damage, a hybrid narrative coding method was developed, which came from two mature classification systems, used to classify and damage activities, the initiation process of objects and/or substances, the mechanism, and the use of protective glasses from narrative text data reported for each injury.
Method: collect workers\' compensation requirements regularly within one year (2000)
Analysis from a large insurance company in the United States.
The index term search algorithm for the occupation, accident and injury description fields identified 2209 potential welding-related eye injury claims.
Following a detailed review of these claims, 1353 welders and 822 non-welders
The welder was analyzed.
Results: During the 2000,177 injury period (68. 4%)
From ultraviolet (49.
1% welders and 79. 0% for non-welders), and 22.
6% from particles or small solids. Non-
Welders such as pipes-
Fitters, workers and assistants often walk past welders, causing flash burns in their eyes. The use or non-
Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)(
Safety goggles, masks, helmets, for example)
It was only mentioned in 14 years.
Rider and 17 for 7%. 8% of non-
This is a very important area of intervention.
Welding activities have a great impact on other workers and the perimeter of the work should be considered dangerous.
For example, the area may be 100 square feet (10 by 10)or greater;
However, the limited nature of some welding work may affect this distance.
It is clear that workers near welding activities will benefit from training in the proper use of PPE as most work-related eye injuries can be prevented.
There are several limitations to this study.
Workers\' claims for compensation may underestimate the occurrence of injuries, including eye injuries.
In addition, in our study, the severity of most eye injuries is small, and these data may not represent the severity of weld-related eye injuries treated in hospital emergency rooms.
Narrative analysis methods are also limited by the integrity and consistency of available text data.
In addition, the sensitivity may be better than the opposite sex.
That is, when keywords are found in the narrative, they may indicate a real contribution to the event/injury.
It is not known if there are words truncated, forgotten, lost or abbreviated by the person who reported or recorded the claim.
Therefore, narrative analysis may underestimate the severity of these factors/situations that cause eye injuries.
Another limitation of this study is the method of classification of injury types.
The current study uses a wide range of properties of the damage category, not ICD-
9 or other diagnostic code for similar classified damage.
For example, in our coding system,
\"Flash of Welder \")
The combustion of hot slag can be confused and coded as combustion.
However, the use of ICD reported with Islam et al-
9 coding, 1 ranking foreign objects from two data sources (ICD-9; 930–930. 9)
Burn as the main type of compensable injury and a similar proportion (ICD-9; 940–940. 9)are reported (
About 5%).
The advantages of this study include a relatively large number of cases analyzed, including 1353 welders and 822 non-welderswelders (
Larger sample size than other published studies)
Different research groups from multiple industries.
These results should be able to better represent the insured working population.
Eye injuries are considered to be largely preventable, especially if adequate eye protection is used and proper machine protection is placed in obvious danger.
A detailed review of preventive strategies is beyond the scope of this article;
However, common and effective methods to prevent injuries during welding have been published.
21 they recommend to develop a well-communicated eye safety policy for employees to provide protective glasses for workers free of charge (
Meet with ANSI z87. 1-1989)
, Regular visual screening, and spot check the use of personal protective equipment in the presence of danger.
Since many welding-related eye injuries are caused by foreign bodies, we highlight the danger associated with propulsion particles in welding and grinding activities through engineering control and improved tool design.
Eye injuries as a key part of the main body make up 5% of all workers claimed by a large insurance company in the United States.
The most common damage to the eyes associated with welding is foreign matter or burn.
Frequent work activities at the time of injury include welding, grinding, cleaning, brushing teeth or observing welders.
The damage narrative provides valuable data to describe the situation of welding-related and other injuries.
Workers performing welding tasks or working near welders should be trained to identify potential hazards and to effectively use appropriate safety equipment to prevent eye injuries.
Developing preventive strategies to reduce welding-related eye injuries requires detailed knowledge of the injury situation, as provided in our study.
The fact that welders continue to experience UV exposure Burns, for example, suggests a better implementation of known strategies such as UV shielding.
More research is needed to identify important barriers to the use of known prevention strategies (
For example, the use of PPE)
And identify transient risk factors associated with potentially modifiable workers, working environment and working equipment associated with eye injuries.
These studies will reduce the burden of eye injury and the potential risk of long-term serious sequelae.
The authors thank Dr. hayster lippskom, Dr. Mary F. Lesch, Dr. William Shaw and MS Letta bond Rick for their thoughtful comments on this manuscript
Refer to the SS, Doyle j, Vera A, etc.
Epidemiology of compensable work
Eye-related injuries and diseases: Incidence and risk factors.
J. Occup Environ Med 2000; 42:575–81.
HJ, Dement JM, McDougall, etc. of OpenUrlPubMedWeb Science GmbH Lipscomb. Work-
The union carpenter\'s eyes were injured.
Appl Occup environment 1999; 14:665–76.
Openurlcrossrefpmed hunting LS, hunting KL, Mawudeku.
Damage monitoring during construction: eye injuries.
Appl Occup environment; 16:775–62.
Mr. OpenUrl googreesal, DuFran RM, Suggett, etc.
Welder eye injury
Med 1989; 31:1003–6.
S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, science\'s openurlcrosspubmedweb.
Career outlook Manual, Version 2002-03, announcement 2540.
Washington, DC: document Director, U. S. Government Printing Office, 2002 (
Visit June 16, 2003).
Just like popabley, Keeney.
Welding process and harm and protection to eyes.
Am J. Ophthalmol1981; 92:77–84.
Scientific OpenUrlPubMedWeb wong TY, Lincoln A, Tielsch JM, etc.
Eye Injury Epidemiology at a major American car company. Eye 1998; 12:870–4.
Copsasty SM, Copeland RA, Mezghebe HM, etc.
Consumer goods-
Related eye trauma
Associate Professor of Medicine, J Natl, 1995; 87:349–52.
Liu h, Xu Ke, teacher Yu. A case-
A controlled study of eye injuries in Hong Kong workplaces.
Ophthalmology; 111:70–4.
G, Lanny, Mr. Lehto of openurlcrossrefpmedweb Science solar Sorock.
Motor vehicle collision in the road construction work area: Use the narrative text in the insurance claim for analysis.
Accid Anal 1996; 28:131–8.
Scientific openurlcrosspubmedweb williamson A, Feyera-
M, Stout N, et al.
Narrative analysis was used to compare the causes of fatal accidents in New Zealand, Australia and the United States. Inj Prev 2001; (Suppl 1):i15–20.
Leon La Jones SJ
Regular narrative analysis as a screening tool to improve data quality. Inj Prev2003; 9:184–6.
Lincoln AE, sorlock GS, Courtney TK, etc.
Use narrative texts and coded data to develop dangerous scenarios for occupational injury interventions. Inj Prev 2004; 10:249–54.
OpenUrlAbstract/free full text from the Labor Department of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Occupational injury and disease classification manual.
Washington, DC: document Director, U. S. Government Printing Office, 2002 (
Visit January 19, 2005).
Working Group on injury monitoring methods.
International Classification of external causes of injury (ICECI)
: Data dictionary, version 1. 1a.
Adelaide: The Institute for consumer safety in Amsterdam and the AIHW national injury monitoring unit, 2003.
Pierce N. Crebel D.
Methods of occupational epidemiology, 2nd edn.
New York: Oxford University Press 2004: 70-2↵Harris PM.
Non-fatal occupational injuries involving the eyes, 2002.
Online salary and work, 6-30-2004.
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Available at (
Visit July 27, 2004).
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Washington, D. C. 2002. Available at (
Reference run date for 07/20/03). ↵Lipscomb HJ.
Effectiveness of interventions to prevent work
Injured eyes.
Am J Med2000; 18:27–33.
National Agenda for Career Research (NORA).
Research needs and key reports on traumatic occupational injury.
Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 1998. DHHS (NIOSH)
Publication 98-134.
Weeks J, Web, Wagner, eds.
Prevention of occupational diseases and injuries.
American Association of Public Health, 1991: 245-9.
Method: collect workers\' compensation requirements regularly within one year (2000)
Analysis from a large insurance company in the United States.
The index term search algorithm for the occupation, accident and injury description fields identified 2209 potential welding-related eye injury claims.
Following a detailed review of these claims, 1353 welders and 822 non-welders
The welder was analyzed.
Results: During the 2000,177 injury period (68. 4%)
From ultraviolet (49.
1% welders and 79. 0% for non-welders), and 22.
6% from particles or small solids. Non-
Welders such as pipes-
Fitters, workers and assistants often walk past welders, causing flash burns in their eyes. The use or non-
Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)(
Safety goggles, masks, helmets, for example)
It was only mentioned in 14 years.
Rider and 17 for 7%. 8% of non-
This is a very important area of intervention.
Welding activities have a great impact on other workers and the perimeter of the work should be considered dangerous.
For example, the area may be 100 square feet (10 by 10)or greater;
However, the limited nature of some welding work may affect this distance.
It is clear that workers near welding activities will benefit from training in the proper use of PPE as most work-related eye injuries can be prevented.
There are several limitations to this study.
Workers\' claims for compensation may underestimate the occurrence of injuries, including eye injuries.
In addition, in our study, the severity of most eye injuries is small, and these data may not represent the severity of weld-related eye injuries treated in hospital emergency rooms.
Narrative analysis methods are also limited by the integrity and consistency of available text data.
In addition, the sensitivity may be better than the opposite sex.
That is, when keywords are found in the narrative, they may indicate a real contribution to the event/injury.
It is not known if there are words truncated, forgotten, lost or abbreviated by the person who reported or recorded the claim.
Therefore, narrative analysis may underestimate the severity of these factors/situations that cause eye injuries.
Another limitation of this study is the method of classification of injury types.
The current study uses a wide range of properties of the damage category, not ICD-
9 or other diagnostic code for similar classified damage.
For example, in our coding system,
\"Flash of Welder \")
The combustion of hot slag can be confused and coded as combustion.
However, the use of ICD reported with Islam et al-
9 coding, 1 ranking foreign objects from two data sources (ICD-9; 930–930. 9)
Burn as the main type of compensable injury and a similar proportion (ICD-9; 940–940. 9)are reported (
About 5%).
The advantages of this study include a relatively large number of cases analyzed, including 1353 welders and 822 non-welderswelders (
Larger sample size than other published studies)
Different research groups from multiple industries.
These results should be able to better represent the insured working population.
Eye injuries are considered to be largely preventable, especially if adequate eye protection is used and proper machine protection is placed in obvious danger.
A detailed review of preventive strategies is beyond the scope of this article;
However, common and effective methods to prevent injuries during welding have been published.
21 they recommend to develop a well-communicated eye safety policy for employees to provide protective glasses for workers free of charge (
Meet with ANSI z87. 1-1989)
, Regular visual screening, and spot check the use of personal protective equipment in the presence of danger.
Since many welding-related eye injuries are caused by foreign bodies, we highlight the danger associated with propulsion particles in welding and grinding activities through engineering control and improved tool design.
Eye injuries as a key part of the main body make up 5% of all workers claimed by a large insurance company in the United States.
The most common damage to the eyes associated with welding is foreign matter or burn.
Frequent work activities at the time of injury include welding, grinding, cleaning, brushing teeth or observing welders.
The damage narrative provides valuable data to describe the situation of welding-related and other injuries.
Workers performing welding tasks or working near welders should be trained to identify potential hazards and to effectively use appropriate safety equipment to prevent eye injuries.
Developing preventive strategies to reduce welding-related eye injuries requires detailed knowledge of the injury situation, as provided in our study.
The fact that welders continue to experience UV exposure Burns, for example, suggests a better implementation of known strategies such as UV shielding.
More research is needed to identify important barriers to the use of known prevention strategies (
For example, the use of PPE)
And identify transient risk factors associated with potentially modifiable workers, working environment and working equipment associated with eye injuries.
These studies will reduce the burden of eye injury and the potential risk of long-term serious sequelae.
The authors thank Dr. hayster lippskom, Dr. Mary F. Lesch, Dr. William Shaw and MS Letta bond Rick for their thoughtful comments on this manuscript
Refer to the SS, Doyle j, Vera A, etc.
Epidemiology of compensable work
Eye-related injuries and diseases: Incidence and risk factors.
J. Occup Environ Med 2000; 42:575–81.
HJ, Dement JM, McDougall, etc. of OpenUrlPubMedWeb Science GmbH Lipscomb. Work-
The union carpenter\'s eyes were injured.
Appl Occup environment 1999; 14:665–76.
Openurlcrossrefpmed hunting LS, hunting KL, Mawudeku.
Damage monitoring during construction: eye injuries.
Appl Occup environment; 16:775–62.
Mr. OpenUrl googreesal, DuFran RM, Suggett, etc.
Welder eye injury
Med 1989; 31:1003–6.
S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, science\'s openurlcrosspubmedweb.
Career outlook Manual, Version 2002-03, announcement 2540.
Washington, DC: document Director, U. S. Government Printing Office, 2002 (
Visit June 16, 2003).
Just like popabley, Keeney.
Welding process and harm and protection to eyes.
Am J. Ophthalmol1981; 92:77–84.
Scientific OpenUrlPubMedWeb wong TY, Lincoln A, Tielsch JM, etc.
Eye Injury Epidemiology at a major American car company. Eye 1998; 12:870–4.
Copsasty SM, Copeland RA, Mezghebe HM, etc.
Consumer goods-
Related eye trauma
Associate Professor of Medicine, J Natl, 1995; 87:349–52.
Liu h, Xu Ke, teacher Yu. A case-
A controlled study of eye injuries in Hong Kong workplaces.
Ophthalmology; 111:70–4.
G, Lanny, Mr. Lehto of openurlcrossrefpmedweb Science solar Sorock.
Motor vehicle collision in the road construction work area: Use the narrative text in the insurance claim for analysis.
Accid Anal 1996; 28:131–8.
Scientific openurlcrosspubmedweb williamson A, Feyera-
M, Stout N, et al.
Narrative analysis was used to compare the causes of fatal accidents in New Zealand, Australia and the United States. Inj Prev 2001; (Suppl 1):i15–20.
Leon La Jones SJ
Regular narrative analysis as a screening tool to improve data quality. Inj Prev2003; 9:184–6.
Lincoln AE, sorlock GS, Courtney TK, etc.
Use narrative texts and coded data to develop dangerous scenarios for occupational injury interventions. Inj Prev 2004; 10:249–54.
OpenUrlAbstract/free full text from the Labor Department of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Occupational injury and disease classification manual.
Washington, DC: document Director, U. S. Government Printing Office, 2002 (
Visit January 19, 2005).
Working Group on injury monitoring methods.
International Classification of external causes of injury (ICECI)
: Data dictionary, version 1. 1a.
Adelaide: The Institute for consumer safety in Amsterdam and the AIHW national injury monitoring unit, 2003.
Pierce N. Crebel D.
Methods of occupational epidemiology, 2nd edn.
New York: Oxford University Press 2004: 70-2↵Harris PM.
Non-fatal occupational injuries involving the eyes, 2002.
Online salary and work, 6-30-2004.
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Available at (
Visit July 27, 2004).
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Washington, D. C. 2002. Available at (
Reference run date for 07/20/03). ↵Lipscomb HJ.
Effectiveness of interventions to prevent work
Injured eyes.
Am J Med2000; 18:27–33.
National Agenda for Career Research (NORA).
Research needs and key reports on traumatic occupational injury.
Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 1998. DHHS (NIOSH)
Publication 98-134.
Weeks J, Web, Wagner, eds.
Prevention of occupational diseases and injuries.
American Association of Public Health, 1991: 245-9.
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